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Oracle® Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide
10g Release 2 (10.2) for Linux

Part Number B14203-08
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2 Pre-Installation Tasks

This chapter describes the system configuration tasks that you must complete before you start Oracle Universal Installer. It includes information about the following tasks:

2.1 Understanding and Using Cluster Verification Utility

Cluster Verification Utility (CVU) is a tool that performs system checks. This guide provides CVU commands to assist you with confirming that your system is properly configured for Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters installation.

This section describes the following topics:

2.1.1 Entering Cluster Verification Utility Commands

Note:

You must have the utility unzip installed and configured with a path command for runcluvfy.sh to run.

Before the database is installed, to enter a CVU command, change directory and use the following syntax to start CVU:

$ /mountpoint/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/
$ ./runcluvfy.sh options

In the preceding example, the variable mountpoint represents the mountpoint path for the installation media, and the variable options represents the CVU command options that you select. For example:

$ /dev/dvdrom/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/
$ ./runcluvfy.sh comp nodereach -n node1,node2 -verbose

By default, when you enter a CVU command, CVU provides a summary of the test. During pre-installation, Oracle recommends that you obtain detailed output by using the -verbose argument with the CVU command. The -verbose argument produces detailed output of individual checks. Where applicable, it shows results for each node in a tabular layout.

Note:

The script runcluvfy.sh contains temporary variable definitions which enable it to be run before installing Oracle Clusterware or Oracle Database. After you install Oracle Clusterware, use the command cluvfy to check prerequisites and perform other system readiness checks.

2.1.2 Using CVU to Determine if Installation Prerequisites are Complete

You can use CVU to determine which system prerequisites for installation are already completed. Use this option if you are installing Oracle 10g Release 2 (10.2) on a system with a pre-existing Oracle software installation. In using this option, note the following:

  • You must complete the prerequisites for using CVU

  • CVU can assist you by finding pre-installation steps that need to be completed, but it cannot perform pre-installation tasks

Use the following syntax to determine what pre-installation steps are completed, and what pre-installation steps must be performed

/$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node_list 

In the preceding syntax example, replace the variable node_list with the names of the nodes in your cluster, separated by commas.

For example, for a cluster with mountpoint /dev/dvdrom/, and with nodes node1, node2, and node3, enter the following command:

$ cd /dev/dvdrom/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/
$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2,node3

Review the CVU report, and proceed to the sections of the pre-installation chapter to complete additional steps as needed.

2.1.3 Using the Cluster Verification Utility Help

The cluvfy commands have context-sensitive help that shows correct syntax usage based on the command line arguments that you enter.

If you enter an invalid CVU command, then CVU shows the correct usage for that command. For example, if you type runcluvfy.sh stage -pre dbinst, then CVU shows the correct syntax for the database pre-installation checks that CVU performs with the dbinst stage option. The following is a list of context help commands.

  • cluvfy: CVU displays high-level generic usage text describing the stage and component syntax.

  • cluvfy -help: CVU displays detailed CVU command information.

  • cluvfy comp -list: CVU displays a list of components that can be checked, and brief descriptions of how each component is checked.

  • cluvfy comp -help: CVU displays detailed syntax for each of the valid component checks.

  • cluvfy stage -list: CVU displays a list of valid stages.

  • cluvfy stage -help: CVU displays detailed syntax for each of the valid stage checks.

2.1.4 Using Cluster Verification Utility with Oracle 10g Release 1

You can use CVU on the Oracle 10g Release 2 (10.2) media to check system requirements for Oracle 10g Release 1 (10.1) installations. To use CVU to check 10. 1 installations, append the command flag -r 10gR1 to the standard CVU system check commands.

For example, to perform a verification check for a Cluster Ready Services 10. 1 installation, on a system where the media mountpoint is /dev/dvdrom/, and the cluster nodes are node1, node2, and node3, enter the following command:

$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2,node3 -r 10gR1

2.1.5 Verbose Mode and "Unknown" Output

If you run CVU using the -verbose argument, and a CVU command responds with UNKNOWN for a particular node, then this is because the CVU cannot determine whether a check passed or failed. The following is a list of possible causes for an "Unknown" response:

  • The node is down

  • Executables required by CVU are missing in the CRS_home /bin or Oracle home directory

  • The user account starting CVU does not have privileges to run common operating system executables on the node

  • The node is missing an operating system patch, or a required package

  • The node has exceeded the maximum number of processes or maximum number of open files, or there is a problem with IPC segments, such as shared memory or semaphores

2.2 Logging In to the System as root

Before you install the Oracle software, you must complete several tasks as the root user. To log in as the root user, complete one of the following procedures:

2.3 Creating Required Operating System Groups and User

Depending on whether this is the first time Oracle software is being installed on this system and on the products that you are installing, you may need to create several operating system groups and an operating system user account.

The following operating system groups and user are required if you are installing Oracle Database:

The following operating system group and user are required for all installations:

A single Oracle Inventory group is required for all installations of Oracle software on the system. After the first installation of Oracle software, you must use the same Oracle Inventory group for all subsequent Oracle software installations on that system. However, you can choose to create different Oracle software owner users, OSDBA groups, and OSOPER groups (other than oracle, dba, and oper) for separate installations. By using different groups for different installations, members of these different groups have DBA privileges only on the associated databases rather than on all databases on the system.

See Also:

Oracle Database Administrator's Reference for UNIX Systems and Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for more information about the OSDBA and OSOPER groups and the SYSDBA and SYSOPER privileges

The following sections describe how to create the required operating system user and groups:.

Note:

The following sections describe how to create local users and groups. As an alternative to creating local users and groups, you can create the appropriate users and groups in a directory service, such as Network Information Services (NIS). For information about using directory services, contact your system administrator or refer to your operating system documentation.

2.3.1 Creating the Oracle Inventory Group

Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) helps you to choose a group to use as the Oracle Inventory group. If you have an existing Oracle Inventory group, then provide this group name and path when prompted.

The following subsections describe how to determine the Oracle Inventory group name, if it exists, and how to create it if necessary.

Determining If the Oracle Inventory Exists

When you install Oracle software on the system for the first time, Oracle Universal Installer creates the oraInst.loc file. This file identifies the name of the Oracle Inventory group (typically, oinstall), and the path of the Oracle Inventory directory.

If you have an existing Oracle Inventory, then ensure that you use the same Oracle Inventory for all Oracle software installations.

If you do not have an existing Oracle Inventory, then you should create an Oracle Inventory group.

To determine whether you have an Oracle Inventory on your system:

On x86 or Itanium systems, enter the following command:

# more /etc/oraInst.loc

On IBM zSeries based systems, enter the following command:

# more /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc

If the oraInst.loc file exists, then the output from this command is similar to the following:

inventory_loc=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

In the previous output example:

  • The inventory_loc group shows the location of the Oracle Inventory

  • The inst_group parameter shows the name of the Oracle Inventory group (in this example, oinstall).

Creating the Oracle Inventory Group If an Oracle Inventory Does Not Exist

If the oraInst.loc file does not exist, then create the Oracle Inventory group by entering a command similar to the following:

# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

2.3.2 Creating the OSDBA Group

You must create an OSDBA group in the following circumstances:

  • An OSDBA group does not exist, for example, if this is the first installation of Oracle Database software on the system

  • An OSDBA group exists, but you want to give a different group of operating system users database administrative privileges for a new Oracle Database installation

If the OSDBA group does not exist or if you require a new OSDBA group, then create it as follows. In the following procedure, use the group name dba unless a group with that name already exists:

# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

2.3.3 Creating an OSOPER Group (Optional)

Create an OSOPER group only if you want to identify a group of operating system users with a limited set of database administrative privileges (SYSOPER operator privileges). For most installations, it is sufficient to create only the OSDBA group. If you want to use an OSOPER group, then you must create it in the following circumstances:

  • If an OSOPER group does not exist; for example, if this is the first installation of Oracle Database software on the system

  • If an OSOPER group exists, but you want to give a different group of operating system users database operator privileges in a new Oracle installation

If you require a new OSOPER group, then create it as follows. In the following, use the group name oper unless a group with that name already exists.

# /usr/sbin/groupadd oper

2.3.4 Creating the Oracle Software Owner User

You must create an Oracle software owner user in the following circumstances:

  • If an Oracle software owner user does not exist; for example, if this is the first installation of Oracle software on the system

  • If an Oracle software owner user exists, but you want to use a different operating system user, with different group membership, to give database administrative privileges to those groups in a new Oracle Database installation

Note:

If you intend to use multiple Oracle software owners for different Oracle homes, then you should create a separate Oracle software owner for Oracle Clusterware, and install Oracle Clusterware using the Oracle Clusterware software owner.

Determining if an Oracle Software Owner User Exists

To determine whether an Oracle software owner user named oracle exists, enter the following command:

# id oracle

If the oracle user exists, then the output from this command is similar to the following:

uid=440(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=201(dba),202(oper)

If the user exists, then determine whether you want to use the existing user, or create another oracle user. If you want to use the existing user, then ensure that the user's primary group is the Oracle Inventory group and that it is a member of the appropriate OSDBA and OSOPER groups. Refer to one of the following sections for more information:

Note:

If necessary, contact your system administrator before using or modifying an existing user.

Creating an Oracle Software Owner User

If the Oracle software owner user does not exist, or if you require a new Oracle software owner user, then create it as follows. In the following procedure, use the user name oracle unless a user with that name already exists.

  1. To create the oracle user, enter a command similar to the following:

    # /usr/sbin/useradd -u 200 -g oinstall -G dba[,oper] oracle
    
    

    In the preceding command:

    • The -u option specifies the user ID. Using this command flag is optional, as you can allow the system to provide you with an automatically generated user ID number. However, you must make note of the oracle user ID number, as you require it later during pre-installation.

    • The -g option specifies the primary group, which must be the Oracle Inventory group--for example, oinstall

    • The -G option specifies the secondary groups, which must include the OSDBA group, and, if required, the OSOPER group. For example: dba, or dba,oper

  2. Set the password of the oracle user:

    # passwd oracle
    
    

    Refer to the section "Verifying That the User nobody Exists".

Modifying an Existing Oracle Software Owner User

If the oracle user exists, but its primary group is not oinstall, or it is not a member of the appropriate OSDBA or OSOPER groups, then enter a command similar to the following to modify it. Specify the primary group using the -g option and any required secondary group using the -G option:

# /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba[,oper] oracle

Repeat this procedure on all of the other nodes in the cluster.

2.3.5 Verifying That the User nobody Exists

Before installing the software, complete the following procedure to verify that the user nobody exists on the system:

  1. To determine if the user exists, enter the following command:

    # id nobody
    
    

    If this command displays information about the nobody user, then you do not have to create that user.

  2. If the nobody user does not exist, then enter the following command to create it:

    # /usr/sbin/useradd nobody
    
    
  3. Repeat this procedure on all the other nodes in the cluster.

2.3.6 Creating Identical Users and Groups on Other Cluster Nodes

Note:

You must complete the following procedures only if you are using local users and groups. If you are using users and groups defined in a directory service such as NIS, then they are already identical on each cluster node.

The Oracle software owner user and the Oracle Inventory, OSDBA, and OSOPER groups must exist and be identical on all cluster nodes. To create these identical users and groups, you must identify the user ID and group IDs assigned them on the node where you created them, then create the user and groups with the same name and ID on the other cluster nodes.

Identifying the User and Group IDs

To determine the user ID (UID) of the Oracle software owner user and the group IDs (GID) of the Oracle Inventory, OSDBA, and OSOPER groups, follow these steps:

  1. Enter following command:

    # id oracle
    
    

    The output from this command is similar to the following:

    uid=440(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=201(dba),202(oper)
    
    
  2. From the output, identify the user ID (UID) for the oracle user and the group identities (GIDs) for the groups to which it belongs.

Creating the User and Groups on the Other Cluster Nodes

To create the user and groups on the other cluster nodes, repeat the following procedure on each node:

  1. Log in to the next cluster node as root.

  2. Enter commands similar to the following to create the oinstall and dba groups, and if required, the oper group. Use the -g option to specify the correct GID for each group.

    # /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 200 oinstall
    # /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 201 dba
    # /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 202 oper
    
    

    Note:

    If the group already exists, then use the groupmod command to modify it if necessary. If you cannot use the same group ID for a particular group on this node, then view the /etc/group file on all nodes to identify a group ID that is available on every node. You must then specify that ID for the group on all of the nodes.
  3. To create the oracle user, enter a command similar to the following:

    # /usr/sbin/useradd -u 200 -g oinstall -G dba[,oper] oracle
    
    

    In the preceding command:

    • The -u option specifies the user ID, which must be the user ID that you identified in the previous subsection

    • The -g option specifies the primary group, which must be the Oracle Inventory group, for example oinstall

    • The -G option specifies the secondary groups, which must include the OSDBA group and if required, the OSOPER group. For example: dba or dba,oper

      Note:

      If the oracle user already exists, then use the usermod command to modify it if necessary. If you cannot use the same user ID for the oracle user on this node, then view the /etc/passwd file on all nodes to identify a user ID that is available on every node. You must then specify that ID for the user on all of the nodes.
  4. Set the password of the oracle user:

    # passwd oracle
    

2.3.7 Configuring SSH on All Cluster Nodes

Before you install and use Oracle Real Application clusters, you must configure secure shell (SSH) for the oracle user on all cluster nodes. Oracle Universal Installer uses the ssh and scp commands during installation to run remote commands on and copy files to the other cluster nodes. You must configure SSH so that these commands do not prompt for a password.

Note:

This section describes how to configure OpenSSH version 3. If SSH is not available, then Oracle Universal Installer attempts to use rsh and rcp instead. However, these services are disabled by default on most Linux systems.

To determine if SSH is running, enter the following command:

$ pgrep sshd

If SSH is running, then the response to this command is process ID numbers. To find out more about SSH, enter the following command:

$ man ssh

Also note that Oracle Net Configuration Assistant (NetCA) and Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) require scp and ssh to be located in the path /usr/local/bin. If scp and ssh are not in this location, then create a symbolic link in /usr/local/bin to the location where scp and ssh are found.

2.3.7.1 Configuring SSH on Cluster Member Nodes

To configure SSH, you must first create RSA and DSA keys on each cluster node, and then copy the keys from all cluster node members into an authorized keys file on each node. Note that the SSH files must be readable only by root and by the oracle user. SSH ignores a private key file if it is accessible by others

To configure SSH, complete the following steps:

Create RSA and DSA keys on each node: Complete the following steps on each node:

  1. Log in as the oracle user.

  2. If necessary, create the .ssh directory in the oracle user's home directory and set the correct permissions on it:

    $ mkdir ~/.ssh
    $ chmod 700 ~/.ssh
    $ chmod 700 
    
    
  3. Enter the following commands to generate an RSA key for version 2 of the SSH protocol:

    $ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t rsa
    
    

    At the prompts:

    • Accept the default location for the key file.

    • Enter and confirm a pass phrase that is different from the oracle user's password.

    This command writes the public key to the ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub file and the private key to the ~/.ssh/id_rsa file. Never distribute the private key to anyone.

  4. Enter the following commands to generate a DSA key for version 2 of the SSH protocol:

    $ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsa
    
    

    At the prompts:

    • Accept the default location for the key file

    • Enter and confirm a pass phrase that is different from the oracle user's password

    This command writes the public key to the ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub file and the private key to the ~/.ssh/id_dsa file. Never distribute the private key to anyone.

Add keys to an authorized key file: Complete the following steps:

  1. On the local node, determine if you have an authorized key file (~/.ssh/authorized_keys). If the authorized key file already exists, then proceed to step 2. Otherwise, enter the following commands:

    $ touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
    $ cd ~/.ssh
    $ ls
    
    

    You should see the id_dsa.pub and id_rsa.pub keys that you have created.

  2. Using SSH, copy the contents of the ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub and ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub files to the file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys, and provide the oracle user password as prompted. This process is illustrated in the following syntax example with a two-node cluster, with nodes node1 and node2, where the oracle user path is /home/oracle:

    [oracle@node1 .ssh]$ ssh node1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
    oracle@node1's password:
    [oracle@node1 .ssh]$ ssh node1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys
    [oracle@node1 .ssh$ ssh node2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
    oracle@node2's password:
    [oracle@node1 .ssh$ ssh node2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>authorized_keys
    oracle@node2's password:
    

    Note:

    Repeat this process for each node in the cluster.
  3. Use SCP (Secure Copy) or SFTP (Secure FTP) to copy the authorized_keys file to the oracle user .ssh directory on a remote node. The following example is with SCP, on a node called node2, where the oracle user path is /home/oracle:

    [oracle@node1 .ssh]scp authorized_keys node2:/home/oracle/.ssh/
    
    
  4. Repeat step 2 and 3 for each cluster node member. When you have added keys from each cluster node member to the authorized_keys file on the last node you want to have as a cluster node member, then use SCP to copy the complete authorized_keys file back to each cluster node member

    Note:

    the oracle user's /.ssh/authorized_keys file on every node must contain the contents from all of the /.ssh/id_rsa.pub and /.ssh/id_dsa.pub files that you generated on all cluster nodes.
  5. Change the permissions on the oracle user's /.ssh/authorized_keys file on all cluster nodes:

    $ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
    
    

    At this point, if you use ssh to log in to or run a command on another node, you are prompted for the pass phrase that you specified when you created the DSA key.

2.3.7.2 Enabling SSH User Equivalency on Cluster Member Nodes

To enable Oracle Universal Installer to use the ssh and scp commands without being prompted for a pass phrase, follow these steps:

  1. On the system where you want to run Oracle Universal Installer, log in as the oracle user.

  2. Enter the following commands:

    $ exec /usr/bin/ssh-agent $SHELL
    $ /usr/bin/ssh-add
    
    
  3. At the prompts, enter the pass phrase for each key that you generated.

    If you have configured SSH correctly, then you can now use the ssh or scp commands without being prompted for a password or a pass phrase.

  4. If you are on a remote terminal, and the local node has only one visual (which is typical), then use the following syntax to set the DISPLAY environment variable:

    Bourne, Korn, and Bash shells

    $ export DISPLAY=hostname:0
    
    

    C shell:

    $ setenv DISPLAY 0
    
    

    For example, if you are using the Bash shell, and if your hostname is node1, then enter the following command:

    $ export DISPLAY=node1:0
    
    
  5. To test the SSH configuration, enter the following commands from the same terminal session, testing the configuration of each cluster node, where nodename1, nodename2, and so on, are the names of nodes in the cluster:

    $ ssh nodename1 date
    $ ssh nodename2 date
        .
        .
        .
    

    These commands should display the date set on each node.

    If any node prompts for a password or pass phrase, then verify that the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file on that node contains the correct public keys.

    If you are using a remote client to connect to the local node, and you see a message similar to "Warning: No xauth data; using fake authentication data for X11 forwarding," then this means that your authorized keys file is configured correctly, but your ssh configuration has X11 forwarding enabled. To correct this, proceed to step 6.

    Note:

    The first time you use SSH to connect to a node from a particular system, you may see a message similar to the following:
    The authenticity of host 'node1 (140.87.152.153)' can't be established.
    RSA key fingerprint is 7z:ez:e7:f6:f4:f2:4f:8f:9z:79:85:62:20:90:92:z9.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? 
    

    Enter yes at the prompt to continue. You should not see this message again when you connect from this system to that node.

    If you see any other messages or text, apart from the date, then the installation can fail. Make any changes required to ensure that only the date is displayed when you enter these commands.

    You should ensure that any parts of login scripts that generate any output, or ask any questions, are modified so that they act only when the shell is an interactive shell.

  6. To ensure that X11 forwarding will not cause the installation to fail, create a user-level SSH client configuration file for the Oracle software owner user, as follows:

    1. Using any text editor, edit or create the ~oracle/.ssh/config file.

    2. Make sure that the ForwardX11 attribute is set to no. For example:

      Host *
            ForwardX11 no
      
      
  7. You must run Oracle Universal Installer from this session or remember to repeat steps 2 and 3 before you start Oracle Universal Installer from a different terminal session.

2.3.7.3 Preventing Oracle Clusterware Installation Errors Caused by stty Commands

During an Oracle Clusterware installation, Oracle Universal Installer uses SSH (if available) to run commands and copy files to the other nodes. During the installation, hidden files on the system (for example, .bashrc or .cshrc) will cause installation errors if they contain stty commands.

To avoid this problem, you must modify these files to suppress all output on STDERR, as in the following examples:

  • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

    if [ -t 0 ]; then
       stty intr ^C
    fi
    
    
  • C shell:

    test -t 0
    if ($status == 0) then
       stty intr ^C
    endif
    

    Note:

    When SSH is not available, the Installer uses the rsh and rcp commands instead of ssh and scp.

    If there are hidden files that contain stty commands that are loaded by the remote shell, then OUI indicates an error and stops the installation.

2.4 Configuring the oracle User's Environment

You run Oracle Universal Installer from the oracle account. However, before you start Oracle Universal Installer you must configure the environment of the oracle user.

To configure the environment, you must:

You should also ensure that the PATH variable contains $ORACLE_HOME/bin before /usr/X11R6/bin

To set the oracle user's environment, follow these steps:

  1. Start a new terminal session; for example, start an X terminal (xterm).

  2. Enter the following command to ensure that X Window applications can display on this system:

    $ xhost + hostname
    
    

    The hostname is the name of the local host.

  3. If you are not already logged in to the system where you want to install the software, then log in to that system as the oracle user.

  4. If you are not logged in as the oracle user, then switch user to oracle:

    $ su - oracle
    
    
  5. To determine the default shell for the oracle user, enter the following command:

    $ echo $SHELL
    
    
  6. Open the oracle user's shell startup file in any text editor:

    Note:

    On Red Hat Linux, .bash_profile is the user startup file for the Bash shell.
    • Bourne shell (sh), Bash shell (bash) or Korn shell (ksh):

      % vi .bash_profile
      
      
    • C shell (csh or tcsh):

      % vi .login
      
      
  7. Enter or edit the following line, specifying a value of 022 for the default file mode creation mask:

    umask 022
    
    
  8. If the ORACLE_SID, ORACLE_HOME, or ORACLE_BASE environment variable is set in the file, then remove the appropriate lines from the file.

  9. Save the file, and exit from the text editor.

  10. To run the shell startup script, enter one of the following commands:

    • Bash shell on Red Hat Enterprise Linux:

      $ . ./.bash_profile
      
      
    • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

      $ . ./.profile
      
      
    • C shell:

      % source ./.login
      
      
  11. If you are not installing the software on the local system, then enter a command similar to the following to direct X applications to display on the local system:

    • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

      $ DISPLAY=local_host:0.0 ; export DISPLAY
      
      
    • C shell:

      % setenv DISPLAY local_host:0.0
      
      

    In this example, local_host is the host name or IP address of the system that you want to use to display Oracle Universal Installer (your workstation or PC).

  12. If you determined that the /tmp directory has less than 400 MB of free disk space, then identify a file system with at least 400 MB of free space and set the TEMP and TMPDIR environment variables to specify a temporary directory on this file system:

    Note:

    You cannot use a shared file system as the location of the temporary file directory (typically /tmp) for RAC installation. If you place /tmp on a shared file system, then the installation fails.
    1. Use the df -h command to identify a suitable file system with sufficient free space.

    2. If necessary, enter commands similar to the following to create a temporary directory on the file system that you identified, and set the appropriate permissions on the directory:

      $ su - root
      # mkdir /mount_point/tmp
      # chmod 775 /mount_point/tmp
      # exit
      
      
    3. Enter commands similar to the following to set the TEMP and TMPDIR environment variables:

      • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

        $ TEMP=/mount_point/tmp
        $ TMPDIR=/mount_point/tmp
        $ export TEMP TMPDIR
        
        
      • C shell:

        % setenv TEMP /mount_point/tmp
        % setenv TMPDIR /mount_point/tmp
        
        

2.4.1 Installing the cvuqdisk Package for Linux

If you are using Red Hat or SUSE Linux, then you must download and install the operating system package cvuqdisk. Without cvuqdisk, CVU is unable to discover shared disks, and you receive the error message "Package cvuqdisk not installed" when you run CVU. Use the cvuqdisk rpm for your hardware (i386, or for Itanium, ia64).

To install the cvuqdisk RPM, complete the following procedure:

Note:

If you prefer, you can choose to disable CVU shared disk checks by adding the following line to the file CRS_home/cv/admin/cvuconfig:
CV_RAW_CHECK_ENABLED=FALSE 

  1. Locate the cvuqdisk RPM package, which is in the directory clusterware/rpm on the installation media. If you have already installed Oracle Clusterware, then it is located in the directory CRS_home/rpm.

  2. Copy the cvuqdisk package to each node on the cluster. You should ensure that each node is running the same version of Linux.

  3. Log in as root.

  4. Using the following command, check to see if you have an existing version of the cvuqdisk package:

    # rpm -qi cvuqdisk
    
    

    If you have an existing version, then enter the following command to de-install the existing version:

    rpm -e cvuqdisk
    
    
  5. Set the environment variable CVUQDISK_GRP to point to the group that will own cvuqdisk, typically oinstall.

  6. Use the following command to install the cvuqdisk package:

    rpm -iv cvuqdisk-1.0.1-1.rpm
    
    

2.5 Checking the Hardware Requirements

Each system must meet the following minimum hardware requirements:

To ensure that each system meets these requirements, follow these steps:

  1. To determine the physical RAM size, enter the following command:

    # grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
    
    

    If the size of the physical RAM installed in the system is less than the required size, then you must install more memory before continuing.

  2. To determine the size of the configured swap space, enter the following command:

    # grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
    
    

    If necessary, refer to your operating system documentation for information about how to configure additional swap space.

  3. To determine the amount of disk space available in the /tmp directory, enter the following command:

    • # df -k /tmp
      
      

    This command displays disk space in 1 kilobyte blocks. On most systems, you can use the df command with the -h flag (df -h) to display output in "human-readable" format, such as "24G" and "10M." If there is less than 400 MB of disk space available in the /tmp directory (less than 4194304 1-k blocks), then complete one of the following steps:

    • Delete unnecessary files from the /tmp directory to make available the disk space required.

    • Set the TEMP and TMPDIR environment variables when setting the oracle user's environment (described later).

    • Extend the file system that contains the /tmp directory. If necessary, contact your system administrator for information about extending file systems.

  4. To determine the amount of free disk space on the system, enter the following command:

    • # df -k
      
      

    The following table shows the approximate disk space requirements for software files for each installation type:

    Installation Type Requirement for Software Files (GB)
    Enterprise Edition at least 1.5
    Standard Edition at least 1.5
    Custom (maximum) at least 1.5

  5. To determine whether the system architecture can run the software, enter the following command:

    # grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo
    
    

    Note:

    This command displays the processor type. If you intend to install on a 64-bit architecture, then verify that the processor architecture matches the requirement for the Oracle software release that you want to install.

2.6 Checking the Network Requirements

Check that you have the networking hardware and internet protocol (IP) addresses required for an Oracle Real Application Clusters installation.

Note:

For the most up-to-date information about supported network protocols and hardware for RAC installations, refer to the Certify pages on the OracleMetaLink Web site at
http://metalink.oracle.com

Network Hardware Requirements

Each node in the cluster must meet the following requirements:

Network Parameter Requirements

If you are using NFS for your shared storage, then you must set the values for the NFS buffer size parameters rsize and wsize to at least 16384. Oracle recommends that you use the value 32768.

For example, if you decide to use rsize and wsize buffer settings with the value 16384, then update the /etc/fstab file on each node with an entry similar to the following:

clusternode:/vol/DATA/oradata  /home/oracle/netapp     nfs     
rw,bg,vers=3,tcp,hard,nointr,timeo=600,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,actimeo=0  1 2

2.6.1 IP Address Requirements

Before starting the installation, you must have the following IP addresses available for each node:

  • An IP address with an associated network name registered in the domain name service (DNS) for the public interface. If you do not have an available DNS, then record the network name and IP address in the system hosts file, /etc/hosts.

  • One virtual IP (VIP) address with an associated network name registered in DNS. If you do not have an available DNS, then record the network name and VIP address in the system hosts file, /etc/hosts. Select an address for your VIP that meets the following requirements:

    • The IP address and network name are currently unused

    • The VIP is on the same subnet as your public interface

    Before installation, check that the default gateway can be accessed by a ping command. During installation, OUI uses the ping command to ensure that the VIP is reachable. To find the default gateway, use the route command, as described in your operating system's help utility. After installation, configure clients to use either the VIP address, or the network name associated with the VIP. If a node fails, then the node's virtual IP address fails over to another node.

  • A private IP address with a host name for each private interface

    Oracle recommends that you use private network IP addresses for these interfaces (for example: 10.*.*.* or 192.168.*.*). Use the /etc/hosts file on each node to associate private network names with private IP addresses.

For example, with a two node cluster where each node has one public and one private interface, you might have the configuration shown in the following table for your network interfaces, where the hosts file is /etc/hosts:

Node Interface Name Type IP Address Registered In
rac1 rac1 Public 143.46.43.100 DNS (if available, else the hosts file)
rac1 rac1-vip Virtual 143.46.43.104 DNS (if available, else the hosts file)
rac1 rac1-priv Private 10.0.0.1 Hosts file
rac2 rac2 Public 143.46.43.101 DNS (if available, else the hosts file)
rac2 rac2-vip Virtual 143.46.43.105 DNS (if available, else the hosts file)
rac2 rac2-priv Private 10.0.0.2 Hosts file

To enable VIP failover, the configuration shown in the preceding table defines the public and VIP addresses of both nodes on the same subnet, 143.46.43. When a node or interconnect fails, then the associated VIP is relocated to the surviving instance, enabling fast notification of the failure to the clients connecting through that VIP. If the application and client are configured with transparent application failover options, then the client is reconnected to the surviving instance.

2.6.2 Node Time Requirements

Before starting the installation, ensure that each member node of the cluster is set as closely as possible to the same date and time. Oracle strongly recommends using the Network Time Protocol feature of most operating systems for this purpose, with all nodes using the same reference Network Time Protocol server.

2.6.3 Configuring the Network Requirements

To verify that each node meets the requirements, follow these steps:

  1. If necessary, install the network adapters for the public and private networks and configure them with either public or private IP addresses.

  2. Register the host names and IP addresses for the public network interfaces in DNS.

  3. For each node, register one virtual host name and IP address in DNS.

  4. For each private interface on every node, add a line similar to the following to the /etc/hosts file on all nodes, specifying the private IP address and associated private host name:

    10.0.0.1     rac1-priv1
    
    
  5. To identify the interface name and associated IP address for every network adapter, enter the following command:

    # /sbin/ifconfig
    
    

    From the output, identify the interface name and IP address for all network adapters that you want to specify as public or private network interfaces.

    Note:

    When you install Oracle Clusterware and RAC, you will require this information.
  6. To prevent network hangs with failovers from public to virtual IP addresses with RAC databases using NAS devices or NFS mounts, enter the following command as root to enable the Name Service Cache Daemon (nscd):

    # /sbin/service  nscd start
    
    

2.7 Checking the Network Setup with CVU

As the oracle user, enter a command using the following syntax to verify node connectivity among all of the nodes for which your cluster is configured:

/mountpoint/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/runcluvfy.sh comp nodecon -n node_list [-verbose]

In the preceding syntax example, the variable node_list is a comma-separated list of nodes in your cluster. This command detects all the network interfaces available on the cluster nodes, and verifies the connectivity among all the nodes through the network interfaces it finds.

Select the option -verbose to receive progress updates as the CVU performs its system checks, and detailed reporting of the test results.

For example, to verify node connectivity on a two-node cluster with nodes node1 and node2, with the mountpoint /dev/dvdrom, and with updates and a summary of the verification checks the CVU performs, enter the following command:

/dev/dvdrom/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/runcluvfy.sh comp nodecon -n node1,node2 -verbose

Note:

You can use this command to obtain a list of all the interfaces available on the nodes that are suitable for use as VIPs, as well as a list of private interconnects that are connecting successfully on all nodes.

2.8 Identifying Software Requirements

Depending on the products that you intend to install, verify that the following software is installed on the system. To check these requirements refer to the section "Checking the Software Requirements", following this section.

Note:

Oracle Universal Installer performs checks your system to verify that it meets the listed requirements. To ensure that these checks pass, verify the requirements before you start Oracle Universal Installer.

The following is the list of supported Linux versions and requirements at the time of release:

2.8.1 Software Requirements List for x86 (32-bit) Platforms

Table 2-1 Linux x86 (32-bit) System Requirements

Item Requirement

Operating system x86

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/ES 3 (Update 3 or later)

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/AS 4 (Update 1 or later)

  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (Service Pack 2 or later)

Kernel version

The system must be running the following kernel version (or a later version):

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 (Update 4):

2.4.21-27.EL

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (Update 1):

2.6.9-11.EL

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (Service Pack 2):

2.6.5-7.97

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 (Update 2) Packages

The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:

binutils-2.14
compat-db-4.0.14-5
compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128
compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.128
compat-libstdc++-7.3-2.96.128
compat-libstdc++-devel-7.3-2.96.128
gcc-3.2
glibc-2.3.2-95.27
make-3.79
openmotif-2.2.3
setarch-1.3-1

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (Update 1) Packages

The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4
glibc-2.3.4-2
glibc-common-2.3.4-2
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
make-3.80-5

Note:

  • openmotif21-2.1.30-11.RHEL4.2 is required to install Oracle demos.

  • GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) 2.96 is not supported on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0.

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (Service Pack 2) Packages

gcc-3.3
gcc-c++-3.3.3-43
glibc-2.3.3-98.28
libaio-0.3.98-18
libaio-devel-0.3.98-18
make-3.80
openmotif-libs-2.2.2-519.1

PL/SQL native compilation, Pro*C/C++, Oracle Call Interface, Oracle C++ Call Interface, Oracle XML Developer's Kit (XDK)

The version of GNU C and C++ compilers listed previously for your distribution is supported for use with these products.

Oracle JDBC/OCI Drivers

On x86-64 systems, you can use the following optional JDK version with the Oracle JDBC/OCI drivers; however, it is not required for the installation:

  • JDK 1.4.2_03 with the JNDI extension

    http://www.sun.com/java
    

Oracle Real Application Clusters

For a cluster file system, use one of the following options:

Red Hat 3: Oracle Cluster File System (OCFS)

  • Version 1.0.11-1 or later

OCFS requires the following kernel packages:

ocfs-support
ocfs-tools
ocfs-kernel_version

In the preceding list, the variable kernel_version represents the kernel version of the operating system on which you are installing OCFS.

Note: OCFS is required only if you want to use a cluster file system for database file storage. If you want to use Automatic Storage Management or raw devices for database file storage, then you do not need to install OCFS.

Obtain OCFS kernel packages, installation instructions, and additional information about OCFS from the following URL:

http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs/

Red Hat 4: Oracle Cluster File System 2 (OCFS2)

  • Version 1.0.1-1 or later

For information about Oracle Cluster File System version 2, refer to the following Web site:

http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs2/

For OCFS2 certification status, refer to the Certify page on OracleMetaLink.

SUSE 9: Oracle Cluster File System 2 (OCFS2)

  • OCFS2 is bundled with SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 9, Service Pack 2 or higher.

  • If you are running SUSE 9,then ensure that you are upgraded to the latest kernel (Service Pack 2 or higher), and ensure that you have installed the packages ocfs2-tools and ocfs2console.

    For OCFS2 certification status, refer to the Certify page on OracleMetaLink.


2.8.2 Software Requirements List for x86 (64-bit) Platforms

Table 2-2 Linux x86 (64-bit) System Requirements

Item Requirement

Operating systems x86 (64-bit)

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/ES 3 (Update 4 or later)

    Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/ES 4 (Update 1 or later)

  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (Service Pack 2 or later)

Kernel version x86

The system must be running one of the following kernel versions (or a later version):

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 (Update 4):

2.4.21-27.EL

Note: This is the default kernel version.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (Update 1):

2.6.9-11.EL

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (Service Pack 2):

2.6.5-7.201

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 (Update 4) Packages

The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:

make-3.79.1-17
compat-db 4.0.14-5.1
control-center-2.2.0.1-13
gcc-3.2.3-47
gcc-c++-3.2.3-47
gdb-6.1post-1.20040607.52
glibc-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-common-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-devel-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-devel-2.3.2-95.20 (32 bit)
glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.13.i386 (32-bit)
compat-db-4.0.14-5
compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128
compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.128
compat-libstdc++-7.3-2.96.128
compat-libstdc++-devel-7.3-2.96.128
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-34.2 (32 bit)
libstdc++-3.2.3-47
libstdc++-devel-3.2.3-47
openmotif-2.2.3-3.RHEL3
sysstat-5.0.5-5.rhel3
setarch-1.3-1
libaio-0.3.96-3
libaio-devel-0.3.96-3

Note: XDK is not supported with gcc on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (Update 1):Packages

The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.0.0.0.2.x86_64
compat-db-4.1.25-9
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4
glibc-2.3.4-2
glibc-common-2.3.4-2
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
make-3.80-5

Note: XDK is not supported with gcc on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 Packages

The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:

binutils-2.15.90.0.1.1-32.5
gcc-3.3.3-43.24
gcc-c++-3.3.3-43.24
glibc-2.3.3-98.28
gnome-libs-1.4.1.7-671.1
libstdc++-3.3.3-43.24
libstdc++-devel-3.3.3-43.24
make-3.80-184.1

PL/SQL native compilation, Pro*C/C++, Oracle Call Interface, Oracle C++ Call Interface, Oracle XML Developer's Kit (XDK)

Intel C++ Compiler 8.1 or later and the version of GNU C and C++ compilers listed previously for the distribution are supported for use with these products.

Note: Intel C++ Compiler v8.1 or later is supported. However, it is not required for installation.

On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3, Oracle C++ Call Interface (OCCI) is supported with version 2.2 of the GNU C++ compiler. This is the default compiler version. OCCI is also supported with Intel Compiler v8.1 with gcc 3.2.3 standard template libraries.

On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0, OCCI does not support GCC 3.4.3. To use OCCI on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0, you need to install GCC 3.2.3.

Oracle XML Developer's Kit is not supported with GCC on Red Hat Linux 4.0. It is supported only with Intel C++ Compiler (ICC).

Oracle JDBC/OCI Drivers

You can use the following optional JDK versions with the Oracle JDBC/OCI drivers; however, they are not required for the installation:

  • Sun JDK 1.5.0 (64-bit)

  • Sun JDK 1.5.0 (32-bit)

  • Sun JDK 1.4.2_09 (32-bit)

Oracle Real Application Clusters

For a cluster file system, use one of the following options:

Red Hat 3: Oracle Cluster File System (OCFS)

  • Version 1.0.13-1 or later

OCFS requires the following kernel packages:

ocfs-support
ocfs-tools
ocfs-kernel_version

In the preceding list, the variable kernel_version represents the kernel version of the operating system on which you are installing OCFS.

Note: OCFS is required only if you want to use a cluster file system for database file storage. If you want to use Automatic Storage Management or raw devices for database file storage, then you do not need to install OCFS.

Obtain OCFS kernel packages, installation instructions, and additional information about OCFS from the following URL:

http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs/

Red Hat 4: Oracle Cluster File System 2 (OCFS2)

  • Version 1.0.1-1 or later

For information about Oracle Cluster File System version 2, refer to the following Web site:

http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs2/

For OCFS2 certification status, refer to the Certify page on OracleMetaLink.

SUSE 9: Oracle Cluster File System 2 (OCFS2)

  • OCFS2 is bundled with SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 9, Service Pack 2 or higher.

  • If you are running SUSE9, then ensure that you are upgraded to the latest kernel (Service Pack 2 or higher), and ensure that you have installed the packages ocfs2-tools and ocfs2console.

For OCFS2 certification status, refer to the Certify page on OracleMetaLink.


2.8.3 Software Requirements List for Linux on Itanium

Table 2-3 Linux Itanium (64-bit) System Requirements

Item Requirement

Operating systems

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/ES 3.0 (Update 3 or later)

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/ES 4.0 (Update 1 or later)

  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9.0 (Service Pack 2 or later)

Kernel version Itanium

The system must be running one of the following kernel versions (or a later version):

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0:

2.4.21-278.EL

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0:

2.6.9-11.EL

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9:

2.6.5-139

Packages Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0

make-3.79.1-17
control-center-2.2.0.1-13
gcc-3.2.3-47
gcc-c++-3.2.3-47
gdb-6.1post-1.20040607.52
glibc-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-common-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-devel-2.3.2-95.30
glibc-devel-2.3.2-95.20 (32 bit)
glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.13.i386 (32-bit)
compat-db-4.0.14-5.1
compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128
compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.128
compat-libstdc++-7.3-2.96.128
compat-libstdc++-devel-7.3-2.96.128
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-34.2 (32 bit)
libstdc++-3.2.3-47
libstdc++-devel-3.2.3-47
openmotif-2.2.3-3.RHEL3
sysstat-5.0.5-5.rhel3
setarch-1.3-1
libaio-0.3.96-3
libaio-devel-0.3.96-3

Packages Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4
glibc-2.3.4-2
glibc-common-2.3.4-2
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
make-3.80-5

Packages SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9

gcc-3.3.3
gcc-c++-3.3.3
glibc-2.3.3
libaio-0.3.102-1.2ia64
libaio-devel-0.3.102-1.2ia64
make-3.80

PL/SQL native compilation, Pro*C/C++, Oracle Call Interface, Oracle C++ Call Interface, Oracle XML Developer's Kit (XDK)

Intel C++ Compiler 8.1 or later and the version of GNU C and C++ compilers listed previously for the distribution are supported for use with these products.

Note: Intel C++ Compiler v8.1 or later is supported. However, it is not required for installation. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3, OCCI is supported with version 3.2 of the GNU C++ compiler. This is the default compiler version. OCCI is also supported with Intel Compiler v8.1 with gcc 3.2.3 standard template libraries.

Oracle XML Developer's Kit is not supported with GCC on Red Hat Linux 4.0. It is supported only with Intel C++ Compiler (ICC).

On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0, Oracle C++ Call Interface (OCCI) does not support GCC 3.4.3. To use OCCI on Red HatEnterprise Linux 4.0, you must install GCC 3.2.3.

Oracle JDBC/OCI Drivers

You can use the following optional JDK version with the Oracle JDBC/OCI drivers; however, it is not required for the installation:

  • JDK 1.4.2 with the JNDI extension

Note: JDK 1.4.2 is installed with this release.

Oracle Real Application Clusters

For a cluster file system, use one of the following options:

Oracle Cluster File System (OCFS)

  • Version 1.0.13-1 or later for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 8 on Itanium systems

  • Version 1.0.11-1 or later for other installations

OCFS requires the following kernel packages:

ocfs-support
ocfs-tools
ocfs-kernel_version

In the preceding list, the variable kernel_version represents the kernel version of the operating system on which you are installing OCFS.

Note: OCFS is required only if you want to use a cluster file system for database file storage. If you want to use Automatic Storage Management or raw devices for database file storage, then you do not need to install OCFS.

Obtain OCFS kernel packages, installation instructions, and additional information about OCFS from the following URL:

http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs/

Oracle Cluster File System 2 (OCFS2)

For information about Oracle Cluster File System version 2, refer to the following Web site:

http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs2/

For OCFS2 certification status, refer to the Certify page on OracleMetaLink.

In addition, if you want to use the support library for Automatic Storage Management (ASMLIB), then install the following ASMLIB kernel package for your distribution:

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.0:

oracleasm 2.4.21-27.EL-1.0.4-2.ia64.rpm

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0:

oracleasm 2.6.9-11.EL-2.0.0-1.ia64.rpm

Obtain ASMLIB kernel packages from the following URL:

http://oss.oracle.com/projects/oracleasm/


2.8.4 Software Requirements List for Linux on POWER

Table 2-4 Linux on POWER System Requirements

Item Requirement

Operating Systems Linux on POWER

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS/ES 4 (Update 1 or later)

  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (Service Pack 2 or later)

Kernel version Linux on Power

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (Update 1):

    2.6.9-11.EL

  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9:

    Linux 2.6.5-7.191-pseries64

Packages Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4

Gmake-3.80-5
gcc-3.4.3-22.1
gcc-ppc32-3.4.3-22.1
gcc-c++-3.4.3-22.1
gcc-c++-ppc32-3.4.3-22.1
glibc-2.3.4-2.9
glibc-2.3.4-29 (64-Bit)
libgcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
libgcc-3.4.3-9.EL4.ppc64.rp
libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
libaio-0.3.103-3
libaio-0.3.103-3 (64-Bit)
libaio-devel-0.3.103-3 (64-Bit)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-47.3
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13

Packages SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9:

gcc-3.3.3-43.34
gcc-64bit-9-200505240008
gcc-c++-3.3.3-43.34
glibc-2.3.3-98.47
glibc-64bit-9-200506062240
libgcc-3.3.3-43.34
libgcc (64-bit) 9-200505240008
libstdc++-3.3.3-43.34
libstdc++-devel-3.3.3-43.34
libaio-0.3.102-1.2
libaio-64bit-9-200502241152
libaio-devel-0.3.102-1.2
libaio-devel-0.3.102-1.2 (64-bit)
Gmake-3.80-184.1
binutils-2.15.90.0.1.1-32.10
binutils-64bit-9-200505240008

C/C++ Runtime Environment

Download the IBM XL C/C++ Advanced Edition V7.0.1 for Linux Runtime Environment Component for free without any license requirement from the following link:

http://www-1.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?rs=2030&context=SSJT9L&context=SSENT9&context=SSEP5D&dc=D400&dc=D410&dc=D420&dc=D430&q1=Run-time+Environment+Component&uid=swg24007906&loc=en_US&cs=utf-8&lang=en

You must also download and install the XL Optimization Libraries component from this link.

PL/SQL native compilation, Pro*C/C++, Oracle Call Interface, Oracle C++ Call Interface, Oracle XML Developer's Kit (XDK)

The version of C and C++ compilers listed previously for your distribution is supported for use with these products

Note: IBM XL C/C++ compiler version 7.0 or later is also supported.

If the IBM XL C/C++ Advanced Edition V7.0.1 for Linux on POWER compiler is to be used for Oracle user applications, then the required version is V7.0.1 or higher. For download information and updates, refer to the following link:

http://www-306.ibm.com/software/awdtools/xlcpp/features/linux/

If the IBM XL C/C++ Advanced Edition V7.0.1 for Linux on POWER compiler is installed, then the IBM XL C/C++ Advanced Edition V7.0.1 for Linux Runtime Environment Component is installed automatically.

Pro*COBOL

The following products are certified for use with Pro*COBOL:

  • Micro Focus Server Express 4.0 SP 2 (for SLES 9)

Pro*FORTRAN

XL Fortran Advanced Edition V9.1.1 (or later) for Linux

Oracle JDBC/OCI Drivers

You can use the following optional JDK versions with the Oracle JDBC/OCI drivers; however, they are not required for the installation:

  • IBM Java 1.4.2 64-bit (SR1a) or later

  • IBM Java 1.4.2 32-bit (SR1a) or later

  • IBM Java 1.3.1 32-bit (SR8) or later (for SLES 9 only)

Note: By default, JDK 1.4.2 32-bit is installed with this release.

Oracle Real Application Clusters

IBM General Parallel File System (GPFS), version 2.3.0.6


2.8.5 Software Requirements list for IBM zSeries Based Linux

Table 2-5 IBM zSeries Based Linux System Requirements

Item Requirement

Operating systems

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (Update 2 or later)

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) 9 (Service Pack 2 or later)

Kernel version

The system must be running the following kernel version (or a later version) for each Linux distribution.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4. 0 (Update 2 or later):

2.6.9-22.EL

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (SP2 or later):

2.6.5-139

Packages

The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:

Red Hat Enterprise 4.0:

gcc-3.4.4-2
gcc-c++-3.4.4-2
libgcc-3.4.4-2
libstdc++-devel-3.4.4-2
compat-libgcc-295-2.95.3-81
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-47.3
glibc-2.3.4-2.13
libaio-0.3.103-3
libaio-devel-0.3.103-3
libstdc++-devel 3.4.4-2

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9:

gcc-3.3.3-43.34
gcc-c++-3.3.3-43.34
glibc-2.3.3-98.47
glibc-2.3.3-98.28 (64-bit)
libgcc-3.3.3-43.34
libgcc (64 bit) unknown
libstdc++-3.3.3-43.34
libstdc++-devel-3.3.3-43.34
libaio-0.3.102-1.2
libaio-0.3.98-18.3 (64-bit)
libaio-devel-0.3.102-1.2
libaio-devel-0.3.98-18.3 (64-bit)
Gmake-3.80-184.1

Pro*COBOL

The following products are certified for use with Pro*COBOL:

  • Red Hat Enterprise 4.0:

    AcuCobol 6.2

  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9:

    Microfocus Server Express 4.0 SP 2

Oracle JDBC/OCI Drivers

You can use the following optional JDK versions with the Oracle JDBC/OCI drivers; however, they are not required for the installation:

  • IBM SDK 1.5 or later

  • IBM SDK1.4.2 (64-bit)

  • IBM SDK 1.3.1 (31-bit)

  • IBM SDK 1.4.2 (31-bit)

Note: By default, JDK 1.4.2 31-bit is installed with this release.

Pro*COBOL

The following products are certified for use with Pro*COBOL:

  • Red Hat Enterprise 4.0: AcuCobol 6.

  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9: Microfocus Server Express 4.0 SP 2


2.9 Checking the Software Requirements

To ensure that the system meets these requirements, follow these steps:

  1. To determine which distribution and version of Linux is installed, enter the following command:

    # cat /etc/issue
    
    

    Note:

    Only the distributions and versions listed in the table for the hardware platform on which you are installing are supported. Installation on other distributions of Linux are not supported.
  2. To determine whether the required kernel errata is installed, use the following procedure for your Linux distribution:

    Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems

    Enter the following command:

    # uname -r
    2.6.9-11.EL
    
    

    In this example, the output shows the kernel version (2.6.9) and errata level (11.EL) on the system.

    Review the required errata level for your distribution. If the errata level is previous to the required minimum errata update, then install the latest kernel update. Kernel updates are available from Red Hat.

    SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Systems

    To determine whether the required kernel is installed on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server systems, enter the following command:

    # uname -r
    2.6.5-7.201
    
    

    In this example, the output shows the kernel version (2.6.5-7.201). If the kernel version is less than the required minimum update for your SUSE distribution, then contact SUSE for information about obtaining and installing the kernel updates.

  3. To determine whether the required packages are installed, enter commands similar to the following:

    # rpm -q package_name
    
    

    If a package is not installed, then install it from your Linux distribution media or download the required package version from your Linux vendor's Web site.

  4. To determine whether OCFS is installed, enter the following command:

    # rpm -qa | grep ocfs
    
    

    To ensure that OCFS is loaded, enter the following command:

    # /etc/init.d/ocfs status
    
    

    If you want to install the Oracle Database files on an OCFS file system and the packages are not installed, then download them from the following Web site. Follow the instructions listed with the kit to install the packages and configure the file system:

    http://oss.oracle.com/projects/ocfs/
    
    

    For Linux on POWER and IBM zSeries-based Linux, if you require a CSD for WebSphere MQ, then refer to the following Web site for download and installation information:

    http://www-306.ibm.com/software/integration/wmq/support/
    
    
  5. To use Huge Pages, or to accommodate the very large memory (VLM) window size on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4, you must increase the default maximum size of the per-process locked memory. To increase the per-process max locked memory limit, add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file, where oracle is the user that administers the database:

    oracle soft memlock 3145728
    oracle hard memlock 3145728
    
    
  6. To enable Oracle Database to use Huge Pages on Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 2.1 (Itanium), SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9, or Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4, set the value of the kernel parameter vm.nr_hugepages to specify the number of large pages that you want to reserve.

2.10 Configuring Kernel Parameters

Note:

The kernel parameter and shell limit values shown in the following section are recommended values only. For production database systems, Oracle recommends that you tune these values to optimize the performance of the system. Refer to your operating system documentation for more information about tuning kernel parameters.

Verify that the kernel parameters shown in the following table are set to values greater than or equal to the recommended value shown. The procedure following the table describes how to verify and set the values.

On all cluster nodes, verify that the kernel parameters shown in the following table are set to values greater than or equal to the recommended value shown. The procedure following the table describes how to verify and set the values.

Parameter Value File
semmsl semmns semopm semmni 250 32000 100 128 /proc/sys/kernel/sem
shmmax Half the size of physical memory (in bytes) /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
shmmni 4096 /proc/sys/kernel/shmmni
shmall 2097152 /proc/sys/kernel/shmall
file-max 65536 /proc/sys/fs/file-max
ip_local_port_range Minimum: 1024

Maximum: 65000

/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range
rmem_default 1048576 /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default
rmem_max 1048576 /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max
wmem_default 262144 /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default
wmem_max 262144 /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max

Note:

If the current value for any parameter is greater than the value listed in this table, then do not change the value of that parameter.

To view the current value specified for these kernel parameters, and to change them if necessary, follow these steps:

  1. Enter the commands shown in the following table to view the current values of the kernel parameters:

    Note:

    Make a note of the current values and identify any values that you must change.
    Parameter Command
    semmsl, semmns, semopm, and semmni # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem

    This command displays the value of the semaphore parameters in the order listed.

    shmall, shmmax, and shmmni # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm
    file-max # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max
    ip_local_port_range # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range

    This command displays a range of port numbers.

    rmem_default, rmem_max, wmem_default, and wmem_max # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep net.core

  2. If the value of any kernel parameter is different from the recommended value, then complete the following process:

    Using any text editor, create or edit the /etc/sysctl.conf file, and add or edit lines similar to the following:

    Note:

    Include lines only for the kernel parameter values that you want to change. For the semaphore parameters (kernel.sem), you must specify all four values. However, if any of the current system parameter values are greater than the recommended values, then keep using the larger values.
    kernel.shmall = 2097152
    kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
    kernel.shmmni = 4096
    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
    fs.file-max = 65536
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
    net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
    net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
    net.core.wmem_default = 262144
    net.core.wmem_max = 262144
    
    

    By specifying the values in the /etc/sysctl.conf file, they persist when you restart the system.

    On Red Hat systems, to have these changes take effect immediately so that you do not have to restart the system, enter the following command:

    /sbin/sysctl -p
    
    
  3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 on all other nodes in the cluster.

    On SUSE systems only, enter the following command to cause the system to read the /etc/sysctl.conf file when it restarts:

    # /sbin/chkconfig boot.sysctl on
    
    
  4. On SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9.0 only, set the kernel parameter disable_cap_mlock as follows:

    disable_cap_mlock = 1
    
    
  5. After updating the values of kernel parameters in the /etc/sysctl.conf file, either restart the computer, or run the command sysctl -p to make the changes in the /etc/sysctl.conf file available in the active kernel memory.

Setting Shell Limits for the oracle User

To improve the performance of the software on Linux systems, you must increase the following shell limits for the oracle user:

Shell Limit Item in limits.conf Hard Limit
Maximum number of open file descriptors nofile 65536
Maximum number of processes available to a single user nproc 16384

To increase the shell limits:

  1. Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:

    oracle              soft    nproc   2047
    oracle               hard    nproc   16384
    oracle               soft    nofile  1024
    oracle               hard    nofile  65536
    
    
  2. Add or edit the following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:

    session    required     pam_limits.so
    
    
  3. Depending on the oracle user's default shell, make the following changes to the default shell startup file:

    • For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines to the /etc/profile file (or the file on SUSE systems)/etc/profile.local:

      if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
              if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
                    ulimit -p 16384
                    ulimit -n 65536
              else
                    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
              fi
      fi
      
      
    • For the C shell (csh or tcsh), add the following lines to the /etc/csh.login file (or the file on SUSE systems)/etc/csh.login.local:

      if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
              limit maxproc 16384
              limit descriptors 65536
      endif
      
      
  4. Repeat this procedure on all other nodes in the cluster.

Refer to the "Identifying Required Software Directories" section to continue.

2.11 Checking the Hardware and Operating System Setup with CVU

As the oracle user, use the following command syntax to start Cluster Verification Utility (CVU) stage verification to check hardware and operating system setup:

/mountpoint/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/runcluvfy.sh stage –post hwos –n node_list [-verbose]

In the preceding syntax example, replace the variable node_list with the names of the nodes in your cluster, separated by commas. For example, to check the hardware and operating system of a two-node cluster with nodes node1 and node2, with the mountpoint /dev/dvdrom/ and with the option to limit the output to the test results, enter the following command:

/dev/dvdrom/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/runcluvfy.sh stage –post hwos –n node1,node2

Select the option -verbose to receive detailed reports of the test results, and progress updates about the system checks performed by Cluster Verification Utility.

2.12 Checking the Operating System Requirements Setup with CVU

As the oracle user, use the following command syntax to check if your system meets the operating system requirement pre-installation tasks:

/mountpoint/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/runcluvfy.sh comp sys -n node_list -p {crs|database}
-osdba osdba_group -orainv orainv_group -verbose

In the preceding syntax example:

You can select the option -verbose to receive progress updates as the CVU performs its system checks, and detailed reporting of the test results.

For example, to perform a system check for an Oracle Clusterware installation on a two-node cluster with nodes node1 and node2, with the OSDBA dba and Oracle inventory group oinstall, and with the media mountpoint /dev/dvdrom/, then enter the following command:

/dev/dvdrom/crs/Disk1/cluvfy/runcluvfy.sh comp sys -n node1,node2 -p crs -osdba crs -orainv oinstall

2.13 Identifying Required Software Directories

You must identify or create the following directories for the Oracle software, as follows:

The following subsections describe the requirements for these directories.

Oracle Base Directory

The Oracle base directory acts as a top-level directory for Oracle software installations. Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) guidelines recommend that you use a path similar to the following for the Oracle base directory:

/mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner

In this example:

You can use the same Oracle base directory for more than one installation or you can create separate Oracle base directories for different installations. If different operating system users install Oracle software on the same system, then each user must create a separate Oracle base directory. The following example Oracle base directories could all exist on the same system:

/u01/app/oracle
/u01/app/orauser
/opt/oracle/app/oracle

The following sections describe how to identify existing Oracle base directories that might be suitable for your installation and how to create an Oracle base directory if necessary.

Regardless of whether you create an Oracle base directory or decide to use an existing one, you must set the ORACLE_BASE environment variable to specify the full path to the Oracle base directory.

Note:

The Oracle base directory can be on a local file system or on an NFS file system on a certified NAS device. Do not create the Oracle base directory on an OCFS version 1 file system.

Oracle Inventory Directory

The Oracle Inventory directory (oraInventory) stores an inventory of all software installed on the system. It is required by, and shared by, all Oracle software installations on a single system. The first time you install Oracle software on a system, Oracle Universal Installer prompts you to specify the path to this directory. If you are installing the software on a local file system, then Oracle recommends that you choose the following path:

oracle_base/oraInventory

If the Oracle base directory is located either on a cluster file system, or on a shared NFS file system on a NAS device, then you must place the Oracle Central Inventory directory on a local file system, privately mounted on each node, so that each node has a separate copy of the central inventory.

If you specify a shared location for the Oracle Central Inventory, then each node attempts to write to the same central inventory. This is not supported.

Oracle Universal Installer creates the directory that you specify, and sets the correct owner, group, and permissions for it. You do not need to create it.

Note:

All Oracle software installations rely on the Oracle base directory. Make sure that you back it up regularly.

Do not delete the Oracle base directory unless you have completely removed all Oracle software from the system.

Oracle Clusterware Home Directory

The Oracle Clusterware home directory is the directory where you choose to install the software for Oracle Clusterware. You must install Oracle Clusterware in a separate home directory. When you run Oracle Universal Installer, it prompts you to specify the path to this directory, as well as a name that identifies it. Oracle recommends that you specify a path similar to the following for the Oracle Clusterware home directory:

/u01/app/oracle/product/crs

Note:

Because you must change the permissions of all of the parent directories of the Oracle Clusterware home directory after installing the software to grant write access only to the root user, the Oracle Clusterware home directory must not be a subdirectory of the Oracle base directory.

Oracle Home Directory

The Oracle home directory is the directory where you choose to install the software for a particular Oracle product. You must install different Oracle products, or different releases of the same Oracle product, in separate Oracle home directories. When you run Oracle Universal Installer, it prompts you to specify the path to this directory, as well as a name that identifies it. The directory that you specify must be a subdirectory of the Oracle base directory. Oracle recommends that you specify a path similar to the following for the Oracle home directory:

oracle_base/product/10.2.0/db_1

Oracle Universal Installer creates the directory path that you specify under the Oracle base directory. It also sets the correct owner, group, and permissions on it. You do not need to create this directory.

Caution:

During the installation, you must not specify an existing directory that has predefined permissions applied to it as the Oracle home directory. If you do, then you may experience installation failure due to file and group ownership permission errors.

2.14 Identifying or Creating an Oracle Base Directory

Before starting the installation, you must either identify an existing Oracle base directory or if required, create one. This section contains information about the following:

Note:

You can choose to create an Oracle base directory, even if other Oracle base directories exist on the system.

Identifying an Existing Oracle Base Directory

Existing Oracle base directories might not have paths that comply with OFA guidelines. However, if you identify an existing Oracle Inventory directory or existing Oracle home directories, you can usually identify the Oracle base directories, as follows:

Before deciding to use an existing Oracle base directory for this installation, make sure that it satisfies the following conditions:

If an Oracle base directory does not exist on the system, or if you want to create an Oracle base directory, then refer to the following section.

Creating an Oracle Base Directory

Before you create an Oracle base directory, you must identify an appropriate file system. The Oracle base directory requires at least 1.5 GB of free disk space.

To identify an appropriate file system, follow these steps:

  1. Use the df -h command to determine the free disk space on each mounted file system.

  2. From the display, identify a file system that has appropriate free space.

    Note:

    The Oracle base directory can be on a local file system or on an NFS file system on a certified NAS device. Do not create the Oracle base directory on an OCFS version 1 file system.

    The path to the Oracle base directory must be the same on all nodes.

  3. Note the name of the mount point directory for the file system that you identified.

To create the Oracle base directory and specify the correct owner, group, and permissions for it, follow these steps:

  1. Enter commands similar to the following to create the recommended subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified, and to set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions on them:

    # mkdir -p /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner
    # chown -R oracle:oinstall /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner
    # chmod -R 775 /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner
    
    

    For example, if the mount point you identify is /u01, and oracle is the user name of the Oracle software owner, then the recommended Oracle base directory path is as follows:

    /u01/app/oracle
    
    
  2. If necessary, repeat the commands listed in the previous step to create the same directory on the other nodes in the cluster.

  3. When you configure the oracle user's environment later in this chapter, set the ORACLE_BASE environment variable to specify the Oracle base directory you have created in this task.

2.15 Creating the Oracle Clusterware Home Directory

Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) creates the Oracle Clusterware home directory for you. Ensure before you start the installation that you provide sufficient disk space on a file system for the Oracle Clusterware directory, and the parent directory of the Oracle Clusterware directory space is writable by the oracle user.

To identify an appropriate file system, follow these steps:

  1. Use the df -h command to determine the free disk space on each mounted file system.

  2. From the display, identify a file system that has at least 1.4 GB of free disk space.

    If you are using the same file system for the Oracle base directory, then this 1.4 GB of disk space is additional to the free disk space requirement that you identified previously.

    Note:

    The file system can be a local file system or an NFS file system on a certified NAS device. Do not create the Oracle Clusterware home directory on an OCFS version 1 file system.

    The path to the Oracle Clusterware home directory must be the same on all nodes.

  3. Note the name of the mount point directory for the file system that you identified.

To create the Oracle Clusterware home directory and specify the correct owner, group, and permissions for it, follow these steps:

  1. Enter commands similar to the following to create the recommended subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions on them:

    # mkdir -p /mount_point/crs/oracle_sw_owner/product/10/app
    # chown -R root:oinstall /mount_point/crs
    # chmod -R 775 /mount_point/crs/oracle_sw_owner
    
    

    If the mount point you identified is /u01, then the recommended Oracle Clusterware home directory path is as follows:

    /u01/crs/oracle/product/10/crs
    
    

    Note:

    After installation, you should change permissions so that only the root user can write to the Oracle Clusterware home directory.
  2. If necessary, repeat the commands listed in the previous step to create the same directory on the other nodes in the cluster.

  3. Enter commands similar to the following to set the ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME environment variable in preparation for the Oracle Clusterware installation:

    • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

      $ ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
      $ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/crs/oracle/product/10/app
      $ export ORACLE_BASE
      $ export ORACLE_HOME
      
      
    • C shell:

      % setenv ORACLE_BASE /u01/app/oracle
      % setenv ORACLE_HOME /u01/crs/oracle/product/10/app
      
      
  4. Enter the following commands to ensure that the TNS_ADMIN environment variable is not set:

    • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

      $ unset TNS_ADMIN
      
      
    • C shell:

      % unsetenv TNS_ADMIN
      
      
  5. To verify that the environment has been set correctly, enter the following commands:

    $ umask
    $ env | more
    
    

    Verify that the umask command displays a value of 22, 022, or 0022 and the environment variables that you set in this section have the correct values.

2.16 Checking the Configuration of the Hangcheck-timer Module

Before installing Oracle Real Application Clusters on Linux systems, verify that the hangcheck-timer module (hangcheck-timer) is loaded and configured correctly. hangcheck-timer monitors the Linux kernel for extended operating system hangs that could affect the reliability of a RAC node and cause a database corruption. If a hang occurs, then the module restarts the node in seconds.

You can use the hangcheck_tick and hangcheck_margin parameters to control the behavior of the module, as follows:

If the kernel fails to respond within the sum of the hangcheck_tick and hangcheck_margin parameter values, the hangcheck-timer module restarts the system. Using the default values, the node would be restarted if the kernel fails to respond within 240 seconds.

To determine which hangcheck module verification procedure to use:

  1. Log in as root, and enter the following command to check the kernel version:

    # uname -a
    
    
  2. If the output indicates that it is a 2.4 kernel (for example, 2.4.21-27.EL), then proceed to Verifying Hangcheck-timer Module on Kernel 2.4. If it is a 2.6 kernel (for example, 2.6.9-11.EL), then proceed to Verifying Hangcheck-timer Module on Kernel 2.6.

2.16.1 Verifying Hangcheck-timer Module on Kernel 2.4

For Red Hat Linux 3.0 and SUSE 8 systems, to verify that the hangcheck-timer module is running on every node:

  1. Enter the following command on each node to determine which kernel modules are loaded:

    # /sbin/lsmod
    
    
  2. If the hangcheck-timer module is not listed for any node, enter a command similar to the following to start the module on that node:

    # /sbin/insmod hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180
    
    
  3. To confirm that the hangcheck module is loaded, enter the following command:

    # lsmod | grep hang
    
    

    The output should be similar to the following:

    hangcheck_timer         3289  0
    
    
  4. To ensure that the module is loaded every time the system restarts, verify that the local system startup file contains the command shown in the previous step, or add it if necessary:

    • Red Hat:

      On Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems, add the command to the /etc/rc.d/rc.local file.

    • SUSE:

      On SUSE systems, add the command to the /etc/init.d/boot.local file.

2.16.2 Verifying Hangcheck-timer Module on Kernel 2.6

For Red Hat Linux 4.0 and SUSE 9 systems, to verify that the hangcheck-timer module is running on every node:

  1. Enter the following command on each node to determine which kernel modules are loaded:

    # /sbin/lsmod
    
    
  2. If the hangcheck-timer module is not listed for any node, then enter a command similar to the following to start the module located in the directories of the current kernel version:

    # insmod /lib/modules/kernel_version/kernel/drivers/char/hangcheck-timer.ko  hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180
    
    

    In the preceding command example, the variable kernel_version is the kernel version running on your system.

  3. To confirm that the hangcheck module is loaded, enter the following command:

    # lsmod | grep hang
    
    

    The output should be similar to the following:

    hangcheck_timer         3289  0
    
    
  4. To ensure that the module is loaded every time the system restarts, verify that the local system startup file contains the command shown in the previous step, or add it if necessary:

    • Red Hat:

      On Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems, add the command to the /etc/rc.d/rc.local file.

    • SUSE:

      On SUSE systems, add the command to the /etc/init.d/boot.local file.

2.17 Running the rootpre.sh Script for Installations on x86 (64-bit) Systems

If you plan to use Oracle Clusterware on x86 (64-bit) systems, then you must run the rootpre.sh script as the root user on all the nodes of the cluster. If you are installing on either Linux x86 (32-bit) or Linux Itanium (64-bit) systems, then you do not need to run the rootpre.sh script.

Use the following procedure on each cluster node to run the rootpre.sh script:

  1. Log in as root.

  2. Use a command similar to the following to change to the rootpre directory:

    # cd $mount_point/clusterware/rootpre
    
    

    The variable mount_point is the mount point of the installation media on your system.

  3. Using the following command, run the rootpre.sh script:

    # ../rootpre.sh
    
    

2.18 Stopping Existing Oracle Processes for Upgrades or Co-existing Databases

Table 2-6 provides an overview of what you need to do if you have an existing Oracle database on the system where you plan to install Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2). Review the table, and perform tasks as required.

See Also:

Oracle Database Upgrade Guide for additional information about preparing for and performing upgrades.

Table 2-6 Overview of System Preparation for Upgrades or Co-existing Databases

Installation Scenario What you need to do

Upgrading from Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1) to 10g Release 2 (10.2)

No additional tasks. Refer to Installing Oracle 10g Release 2 on a System with Oracle 10g Release 1

installing Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2) on a system to co-exist with Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1)

No additional tasks. Refer to Installing Oracle 10g Release 2 on a System with Oracle 10g Release 1

Upgrading from Oracle9i Release 9.2 to Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2)

Shut down the Global Service Daemon, and shut down a default listener on port 1521, if present. Refer to Installing Oracle 10g Release 2 on a System with Oracle9i Release 2

Installing Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2) on a system to co-exist with Oracle9i Release 9.2

Shut down a default listener on port 1521, if present, and shut down the Global Service Daemon. Refer to Installing Oracle 10g Release 2 on a System with Oracle9i Release 2


Installing Oracle 10g Release 2 on a System with Oracle 10g Release 1

If your system has an Oracle Database Release 10g Release 10. 1 installation, and you install an Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2) either to coexist with or to upgrade the 10.1, then most installation types configure and start a default Oracle Net listener using TCP/IP port 1521 and the IPC key value EXTPROC. One of the following occurs:

Proceed to Chapter 3.

Installing Oracle 10g Release 2 on a System with Oracle9i Release 2

This section provides instructions for preparing an Oracle Database 9i Release 2 system for upgrading to Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2).

Explanation of Tasks If you are installing an Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2) on a system with an existing Oracle9i Release 2 (9.2) database, and the Oracle Net listener process is using the same port or key value as the default used with the Oracle 10g Release 2 (10.2) installation, port 1521, then Oracle Universal Installer can only configure the new listener; it cannot start it. To ensure that the new listener process starts during the installation, you must shut down any existing listeners before starting Oracle Universal Installer. To do this, refer to "Shutting Down the Listener"

You must shut down the Global Services Daemon (GSD), because otherwise, during 10g Release 2 (10.2) installation, the Oracle9i Release 9.2 SRVM shared data is upgraded into an Oracle Cluster Registry that the 9.2 GSD will not be able to use. The 10.2 Oracle Clusterware installation starts a 10g Release 2 (10.2) GSD to serve the Oracle9i 9.2 clients. To do this, refer to "Shutting down the Global Services Daemon"

Shutting Down the Listener To determine whether an existing Oracle9i listener process is running and to shut it down if necessary, follow these steps:

  1. Switch user to oracle:

    # su - oracle
    
    
  2. Enter the following command to determine whether an Oracle9i listener process is running and to identify its name and the Oracle home directory in which it is installed:

    $ ps -ef | grep tnslsnr
    
    

    This command displays information about the Oracle Net listeners running on the system:

    ... oracle_home1/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
    
    

    In this example, oracle_home1 is the Oracle home directory where the listener is installed and LISTENER is the listener name.

    Note:

    If no Oracle Net listeners are running, then proceed to Chapter 3.
  3. Set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the appropriate Oracle home directory for the listener:

    • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

      $ ORACLE_HOME=oracle_home1
      $ export ORACLE_HOME
      
      
    • C or tcsh shell:

      % setenv ORACLE_HOME oracle_home1
      
      
  4. Enter the following command to identify the TCP/IP port number and IPC key value that the listener is using:

    $ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl status listenername
    

    Note:

    If the listener uses the default name LISTENER, then you do not have to specify the listener name in this command.
  5. Enter a command similar to the following to stop the listener process:

    $ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop listenername
    
    
  6. Repeat this procedure to stop all listeners running on this system and on all other nodes in the cluster.

Shutting down the Global Services Daemon As the oracle user, on each node of the cluster, use the following syntax to shut down the GSD:

$ cd 92_Oracle_home
$ bin/gsdctl stop

In the preceding syntax example, the variable 92_Oracle_home is the Oracle9i Release 2 (9.2) database home.